/* Reset and base styles */
:root {
    --sky-gradient: linear-gradient(145deg, #00c3cd 0%, #0049e8 50%, #9B00FF 100%);
    --sky-gradient-hover: linear-gradient(145deg, #9FD5F3 0%, #5D9CEC 50%, #A592D9 100%);
}

* {
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    box-sizing: border-box;
}

body {
    font-family: 'Source Sans Pro', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif;
    line-height: 1.6;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    min-height: 100vh;
    color: #333;
    font-size: 16px;
}

.container {
    width: 100%;
    /* max-width: 1140px; */
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0 15px;
}

.main-box {
    width: 100%;
    max-width: 1400px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0 15px;
}

/* Responsive Header Styles */
.header {
    background-color: white;
    padding: 15px 0;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

.header-content {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.logo {
    text-decoration: none;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
}

.logo-text {
    font-size: 20px;
    font-weight: 700;
    margin: 0;
    color: #000;
    line-height: 1.2;
}

.logo-dot {
    color: #ff0000;
    font-weight: bold;
}

.header-controls {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 15px;
}

.search-form {
    position: relative;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
}

.search-input {
    padding: 8px 40px 8px 15px;
    border: 1px solid #ddd;
    border-radius: 30px;
    font-size: 14px;
    width: 180px;
    transition: all 0.3s;
}

.search-input:focus {
    width: 220px;
    outline: none;
    border-color: #aaa;
}

.search-button {
    position: absolute;
    right: 15px;
    background: none;
    border: none;
    cursor: pointer;
    color: #555;
}

.login-area {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 8px;
    white-space: nowrap;
}

.login-link {
    color: #333;
    text-decoration: none;
    font-size: 14px;
    font-weight: 500;
    transition: color 0.2s;
}

.login-link:hover {
    color: #0056b3;
}

/* Navigation Styles */
.nav-container {
    background: var(--sky-gradient);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0, 117, 255, 0.4);
}

.mobile-menu-toggle {
    display: none;
    background: none;
    border: none;
    color: white;
    font-size: 24px;
    cursor: pointer;
}

.main-nav {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
}

.nav-list {
    display: flex;
    list-style: none;
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.nav-item {
    position: relative;
}

.nav-link {
    display: block;
    color: white;
    padding: 15px;
    text-decoration: none;
    font-weight: 500;
    transition: background-color 0.2s;
}

.nav-link:hover {
    background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
    color: white;
}

.dropdown-arrow::after {
    content: '';
    display: inline-block;
    width: 0;
    height: 0;
    margin-left: 8px;
    vertical-align: middle;
    border-top: 4px solid;
    border-right: 4px solid transparent;
    border-left: 4px solid transparent;
}

.dropdown-menu {
    display: none;
    position: absolute;
    top: 100%;
    left: 0;
    z-index: 1000;
    min-width: 200px;
    padding: 5px 0;
    background-color: white;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
    border-radius: 4px;
}

.nav-item:hover .dropdown-menu {
    display: block;
}

.dropdown-item {
    display: block;
    padding: 8px 15px;
    color: #333;
    text-decoration: none;
    white-space: nowrap;
    transition: background-color 0.2s;
}

.dropdown-item:hover {
    background-color: #f5f5f5;
    color: #0056b3;
}

.utility-nav {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 15px;
}

.utility-nav .nav-link {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 5px;
}

/* Responsive Media Queries */
@media (max-width: 991px) {
    .search-input {
        width: 160px;
    }

    .search-input:focus {
        width: 180px;
    }

    .nav-link {
        padding: 15px 10px;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 767px) {
    .header-content {
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 15px;
    }

    .header-controls {
        width: 100%;
        justify-content: space-between;
    }

    .search-form {
        flex-grow: 1;
        max-width: 280px;
    }

    .search-input,
    .search-input:focus {
        width: 100%;
    }

    .mobile-menu-toggle {
        display: block;
    }

    .nav-container .container {
        position: relative;
    }

    .main-nav {
        flex-direction: column;
        align-items: flex-start;
    }

    .nav-list {
        flex-direction: column;
        width: 100%;
        display: none;
    }

    .nav-list.active {
        display: flex;
    }

    .nav-item {
        width: 100%;
    }

    .dropdown-menu {
        position: static;
        box-shadow: none;
        padding-left: 15px;
        min-width: 100%;
        background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.05);
    }

    .dropdown-item {
        color: white;
        padding: 10px 15px;
    }

    .dropdown-item:hover {
        background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
        color: white;
    }

    .utility-nav {
        width: 100%;
        justify-content: center;
        margin-top: 10px;
        padding-top: 10px;
        border-top: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
    }
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
    .logo-text {
        font-size: 18px;
    }

    .header-controls {
        flex-direction: column;
        align-items: stretch;
        gap: 10px;
    }

    .search-form {
        max-width: 100%;
    }

    .login-area {
        justify-content: center;
    }
}

/* Journal info section */
.journal-section {
    padding: 20px 0;
}

.journal-header {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: flex-start;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
}

.journal-title {
    font-size: 2rem;
    color: #002856;
    font-weight: bold;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
}

.journal-meta {
    margin-bottom: 5px;
    color: #555;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
}

.journal-cover {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
}

.journal-cover img {
    width: 110px;
    width: 6.875rem;
    max-height: 150px;
    max-height: 9.375rem;
}

.forward-series {
    margin-right: 15px;
    color: #009464;
    font-weight: bold;
    text-align: center;
}

/* Main content */
main {
    flex: 1;
    padding: 10px 0;
}

.main-content {
    padding: 20px;
    background-color: white;
}

.journal-description {
    margin-bottom: 30px;
    padding-bottom: 20px;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #dee2e6;
    line-height: 1.6;
    font-size: 14px;
    max-width: 700px;
}

.journal-description p {
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.journal-description a {
    color: #009464;
    text-decoration: none;
    font-weight: bold;
}

/* Article display area */
.articles-section {
    margin-bottom: 30px;
}

.articles-header {
    display: flex;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
}

.articles-title {
    font-size: 1.8rem;
    margin-bottom: 15px;
    color: #333;
}

/* Custom tabs styling */
.custom-tabs {
    border-bottom: 1px solid #dee2e6;
}

.custom-tab-buttons {
    display: flex;
    margin-bottom: -1px;
}

.custom-tab-button {
    padding: 0.5rem 1rem;
    background: none;
    border: 1px solid transparent;
    border-top-left-radius: 0.25rem;
    border-top-right-radius: 0.25rem;
    cursor: pointer;
    margin-bottom: -1px;
}

.custom-tab-button.active {
    color: #495057;
    background-color: #fff;
    border-color: #dee2e6 #dee2e6 #fff;
}

.custom-tab-button:not(.active):hover {
    border-color: #e9ecef #e9ecef #dee2e6;
}

.custom-tab-content {
    display: none;
}

.custom-tab-content.active {
    display: block;
}

.article-item {
    padding: 15px 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;
}

.article-header {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    margin-bottom: 5px;
}

.article-type {
    font-size: 0.875rem;
    color: #555;
    margin-right: 10px;
}

.open-access {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    color: #e91e63;
    font-size: 0.875rem;
    font-weight: bold;
}

.article-title {
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    margin-bottom: 8px;
}

.article-title a {
    color: #002856;
    text-decoration: none;
    font-weight: 500;
}

.article-authors {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    margin-bottom: 8px;
}

.article-meta {
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
    color: #666;
}

.article-links {
    display: flex;
    gap: 15px;
}

.article-link {
    color: #002856;
    text-decoration: none;
    font-size: 0.875rem;
    font-weight: 500;
}

.article-list {
    display: none;
}

.article-list.active {
    display: block;
}

/* Sidebar */
.sidebar {
    padding: 20px;
    background-color: #f8f9fa;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
}

.sidebar-section {
    margin-bottom: 25px;
}

.sidebar-heading {
    color: #002856;
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    margin-bottom: 15px;
    font-weight: bold;
}

.sidebar-content {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
}

.email-signup {
    background-color: #f8f9fa;
    padding: 20px;
    border-radius: 4px;
    margin-bottom: 30px;
}

.signup-heading {
    color: #002856;
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    margin-bottom: 15px;
    font-weight: bold;
}

.signup-text {
    margin-bottom: 20px;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
}

.signup-form {
    display: flex;
    max-width: 500px;
}

.signup-input {
    flex: 1;
    padding: 8px 12px;
    border: 1px solid #ced4da;
    border-right: none;
    font-family: inherit;
}

.signup-button {
    background-color: #002856;
    color: white;
    border: none;
    padding: 8px 12px;
    cursor: pointer;
    font-weight: 500;
}

/* Related titles */
.related-titles {
    margin-top: 20px;
}

.related-heading {
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    color: #333;
    margin-bottom: 15px;
}

.related-cover {
    width: 100px;
    height: 140px;
    background-color: #eee;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
}

/* Dropdown menu */
.dropdown-menu {
    position: absolute;
    top: 100%;
    left: 0;
    z-index: 1000;
    display: none;
    min-width: 200px;
    background-color: white;
    box-shadow: 0 0.5rem 1rem rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
    border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

.nav-item:hover .dropdown-menu {
    display: block;
}

.dropdown-item {
    display: block;
    padding: 8px 15px;
    color: #212529;
    text-decoration: none;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
}

.dropdown-item:last-child {
    border-bottom: none;
}

.dropdown-item:hover {
    background-color: #f8f9fa;
}


/* Footer Styles */
.footer {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #2c3e50 0%, #1a1a2e 100%);
    color: #fff;
    padding: 4rem 0 2rem;
    font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.footer::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    height: 4px;
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, #667eea 0%, #f093fb 50%, #f5576c 100%);
}

.container {
    width: 100%;
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0 15px;
    position: relative;
    z-index: 1;
}

/* Footer Content Layout */
.footer-content {
    margin-bottom: 3rem;
}

.footer-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
    gap: 2.5rem;
}

/* Footer Headings */
.footer-heading {
    font-size: 1.3rem;
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: #fff;
    position: relative;
    padding-bottom: 10px;
}

.footer-heading::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    bottom: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 50px;
    height: 3px;
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, #667eea 0%, #f093fb 100%);
    border-radius: 3px;
}

/* Footer Navigation Lists */
.footer-nav {
    list-style: none;
    padding: 0;
    margin: 0;
}

.footer-nav li {
    margin-bottom: 0.85rem;
    position: relative;
    padding-left: 15px;
}

.footer-nav li::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    left: 0;
    top: 50%;
    transform: translateY(-50%);
    width: 6px;
    height: 6px;
    background: #667eea;
    border-radius: 50%;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.footer-nav li:hover::before {
    background: #f093fb;
    transform: translateY(-50%) scale(1.3);
}

.footer-link {
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8);
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    font-size: 1rem;
    display: inline-block;
    padding: 2px 0;
}

.footer-link:hover {
    color: #fff;
    transform: translateX(5px);
}

.footer-text {
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    line-height: 1.6;
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

/* Newsletter Form */
.newsletter-form {
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

.newsletter-input-group {
    display: flex;
    gap: 0.75rem;
}

.newsletter-input {
    flex: 1;
    padding: 0.85rem 1rem;
    border: none;
    border-radius: 8px;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
    color: #fff;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
}

.newsletter-input:focus {
    outline: none;
    border-color: #667eea;
    box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.3);
}

.newsletter-input::placeholder {
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5);
}

.newsletter-button {
    padding: 0.85rem 1.5rem;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #667eea 0%, #764ba2 100%);
    color: white;
    border: none;
    border-radius: 8px;
    cursor: pointer;
    font-weight: 500;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.3);
}

.newsletter-button:hover {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #5a6fd8 0%, #6a4190 100%);
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: 0 6px 16px rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.4);
}

/* Social Links */
.social-links {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 0.85rem;
    margin-top: 1.5rem;
}

.social-icon {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    width: 2.75rem;
    height: 2.75rem;
    border-radius: 50%;
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
    color: #fff;
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
}

.social-icon:hover {
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    box-shadow: 0 5px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
}

.social-icon i {
    font-size: 1.3rem;
}

/* Journal Info */
.journal-info {
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    line-height: 1.6;
}

/* Footer Bottom */
.footer-bottom {
    border-top: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
    padding-top: 2rem;
    margin-top: 1rem;
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 1.5rem;
}

.journal-title {
    margin: 0;
    font-size: 1.6rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: #fff;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #667eea 0%, #f093fb 50%, #f5576c 100%);
    -webkit-background-clip: text;
    -webkit-text-fill-color: transparent;
    background-clip: text;
}

.copyright {
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5);
    font-size: 0.9rem;
}

/* Scroll to Top Button */
.scroll-top-btn {
    position: fixed;
    bottom: 30px;
    right: 30px;
    width: 50px;
    height: 50px;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #667eea 0%, #764ba2 100%);
    color: white;
    border: none;
    border-radius: 50%;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    opacity: 0;
    visibility: hidden;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    cursor: pointer;
    box-shadow: 0 5px 20px rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.4);
    z-index: 999;
}

.scroll-top-btn.visible {
    opacity: 1;
    visibility: visible;
}

.scroll-top-btn:hover {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #5a6fd8 0%, #6a4190 100%);
    transform: translateY(-3px);
}

.scroll-top-btn i {
    font-size: 1.3rem;
    transition: transform 0.3s ease;
}

.scroll-top-btn:hover i {
    transform: translateY(-3px);
}

/* Cookie Notice */
.cookie-notice {
    position: fixed;
    bottom: 0;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.95);
    color: #fff;
    padding: 1.5rem;
    z-index: 1000;
    display: none;
    transform: translateY(100%);
    transition: transform 0.4s ease;
    box-shadow: 0 -5px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
}

.cookie-notice.show {
    display: block;
    transform: translateY(0);
}

.cookie-content {
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: space-between;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 1.5rem;
}

.cookie-content p {
    margin: 0;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8);
    flex: 1;
    min-width: 300px;
}

.cookie-btn {
    padding: 0.75rem 1.5rem;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #667eea 0%, #764ba2 100%);
    color: white;
    border: none;
    border-radius: 8px;
    cursor: pointer;
    font-weight: 500;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.3);
}

.cookie-btn:hover {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #5a6fd8 0%, #6a4190 100%);
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: 0 6px 16px rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.4);
}

/* Responsive Styles */
@media (max-width: 1024px) {
    .footer-grid {
        grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
        gap: 2rem;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .footer {
        padding: 3rem 0 1.5rem;
    }

    .footer-bottom {
        flex-direction: column;
        text-align: center;
        gap: 1rem;
    }

    .scroll-top-btn {
        width: 45px;
        height: 45px;
        bottom: 20px;
        right: 20px;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 576px) {
    .footer-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 1.5rem;
    }

    .newsletter-input-group {
        flex-direction: column;
    }

    .cookie-content {
        flex-direction: column;
        text-align: center;
        gap: 1rem;
    }

    .cookie-content p {
        min-width: auto;
    }
}

/* Advertisement placeholder */
.advertisement {
    margin: 20px 0;
    text-align: center;
    color: #666;
    font-size: 0.875rem;
}

.ad-placeholder {
    width: 100%;
    max-width: 300px;
    height: 250px;
    background-color: #f0f0f0;
    margin: 10px auto;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    border: 1px solid #ddd;
}

/* Layout utilities */
.flex-row {
    display: flex;
}

.main-column {
    flex: 3;
    padding-right: 20px;
}

.side-column {
    flex: 1;
}

/* Responsive */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .flex-row {
        flex-direction: column;
    }

    .main-column {
        padding-right: 0;
    }

    .footer-column {
        flex: 0 0 50%;
    }

    .footer-bottom {
        flex-direction: column;
        align-items: flex-start;
    }

    .journal-header {
        flex-direction: column;
    }

    .journal-cover {
        margin-top: 20px;
    }

    .signup-form {
        flex-direction: column;
    }

    .signup-input {
        margin-bottom: 10px;
        border-right: 1px solid #ced4da;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 576px) {
    .footer-column {
        flex: 0 0 100%;
    }

    .nav-list {
        flex-wrap: wrap;
    }
}

/* Carousel Styling */
.journal-carousel {
    margin-bottom: 30px;
    position: relative;
}

.carousel-inner {
    border-radius: 4px;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.carousel-item {
    height: 300px;
}

.carousel-item img {
    object-fit: cover;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
}

.carousel-caption {
    background-color: rgba(0, 40, 86, 0.8);
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    bottom: 0;
    padding: 15px;
    text-align: left;
}

.carousel-caption h5 {
    color: white;
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    margin-bottom: 0;
}

.carousel-control-prev,
.carousel-control-next {
    width: 40px;
    height: 40px;
    background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
    border-radius: 50%;
    top: 50%;
    transform: translateY(-50%);
}

.carousel-control-prev {
    left: 10px;
}

.carousel-control-next {
    right: 10px;
}

.carousel-indicators {
    bottom: 60px;
}

/* Set a fixed height for the carousel to match the right cards */
#journalCarousel,
#journalCarousel .carousel-inner,
#journalCarousel .carousel-item,
#journalCarousel .featured-news {
    height: 800px;
    /* Adjust this value to match the total height of your right side cards */
}

/* Ensure carousel images maintain aspect ratio while filling the space */
#journalCarousel .carousel-item img {
    object-fit: cover;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {

    #journalCarousel,
    #journalCarousel .carousel-inner,
    #journalCarousel .carousel-item,
    #journalCarousel .featured-news {
        height: 200px;
    }

    #journalCarousel .carousel-item img {
        object-fit: contain;
        width: 100%;
        height: 100%;
    }

    .utility-nav {
        display: none;
    }

    .carousel-caption h5 {
        color: white;
        font-size: 0.7rem;
        margin-bottom: 0;
    }

    .carousel-caption {
        background-color: rgba(0, 40, 86, 0.8);
        left: 0;
        right: 0;
        bottom: 0;
        padding: 5px;
        text-align: left;
    }
}

.jwip-academic-journal-cover-container {
    width: 90px;
    height: 110px;
    background: var(--sky-gradient);
    border-radius: 8px;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    justify-content: space-between;
    padding: 15px;
    color: white;
    font-size: 10px;
    text-align: center;
    position: relative;
    box-shadow: 0 6px 20px rgba(107, 70, 193, 0.15);
    transition: transform 0.2s ease;
}

.jwip-academic-journal-cover-container:hover {
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: 0 8px 25px rgba(107, 70, 193, 0.2);
}

.jwip-academic-journal-cover-container::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    bottom: 10px;
    right: 10px;
    width: 30px;
    height: 20px;
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.3);
    border-radius: 3px;
    transform: rotate(-15deg);
}

.jwip-journal-publication-title-text {
    font-weight: bold;
    line-height: 1.2;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
}

.jwip-academic-publisher-brand-label {
    font-size: 8px;
    margin-top: auto;
    font-weight: 600;
}

.jwip-issue-metadata-content-wrapper h5 {
    color: #2563eb;
    font-weight: 600;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
    font-size: 1.1rem;
}

.jwip-issue-metadata-content-wrapper p {
    margin: 4px 0;
    color: #6b7280;
    font-size: 14px;
}

.jwip-recent-issue-display-item {
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
    padding-bottom: 2rem;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #e5e7eb;
    position: relative;
}

.jwip-recent-issue-display-item:nth-child(odd) {
    border-right: 1px solid #e5e7eb;
    padding-right: 2rem;
}

.jwip-recent-issue-display-item:nth-child(even) {
    padding-left: 2rem;
}

.jwip-recent-issue-display-item:nth-last-child(-n+2) {
    border-bottom: none;
    margin-bottom: 0;
    padding-bottom: 0;
}

.jwip-page-section-primary-heading {
    /* color: #374151; */
    /* font-weight: 700; */
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
    font-size: 1.75rem;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 12px;
}

.jwip-heading-icon {
    width: 36px;
    height: 36px;
    background: var(--sky-gradient);
    border-radius: 10px;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    color: white;
    font-size: 18px;
    font-weight: bold;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(138, 180, 248, 0.3);
    border: 2px solid white;
}

.jwip-issues-grid-container {
    position: relative;
}

.jwip-issues-grid-container::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    left: 50%;
    top: 0;
    bottom: 0;
    width: 1px;
    background: #e5e7eb;
    transform: translateX(-50%);
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .jwip-issues-grid-container::before {
        display: none;
    }

    .jwip-recent-issue-display-item:nth-child(odd) {
        border-right: none;
        padding-right: 0;
    }

    .jwip-recent-issue-display-item:nth-child(even) {
        padding-left: 0;
    }

    .jwip-recent-issue-display-item {
        border-bottom: 1px solid #e5e7eb;
    }

    .jwip-recent-issue-display-item:last-child {
        border-bottom: none;
    }
}

/* Quick links */
.quick-links .btn {
    background: white;
    border: 2px solid transparent;
    background-clip: padding-box;
    position: relative;
    color: #4A89DC;
    /* Matching the middle gradient color */
    font-weight: 500;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.quick-links .btn::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: -2px;
    left: -2px;
    right: -2px;
    bottom: -2px;
    background: var(--sky-gradient);
    z-index: -1;
    border-radius: 50px;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.quick-links .btn:hover {
    color: white;
    transform: translateY(-2px);
}

.quick-links .btn:hover::before {
    background: var(--sky-gradient-hover);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(138, 180, 248, 0.4);
}

.publication-container {
    background: #ffffff;
    border-radius: 12px;
    box-shadow: 0 10px 30px rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.15);
    padding: 20px;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    max-width: 100%;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.publication-container:hover {
    box-shadow: 0 15px 35px rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.2);
}

.publication-title {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    border-bottom: 2px solid #e9ecef;
    padding: 0 0 10px 0;
    margin-bottom: 16px;
    font-size: 1rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: #2c3e50;
}

.publication-title .sticker-icon {
    width: 24px;
    height: 24px;
    border-radius: 6px;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #4facfe 0%, #00f2fe 100%);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    margin-right: 10px;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 10px rgba(79, 172, 254, 0.3);
}

.publication-title .sticker-icon i {
    color: white;
    font-size: 12px;
}

.publication-body {
    padding: 0;
}

.publication-field {
    margin-bottom: 16px;
    padding: 12px;
    background: #f8f9fa;
    border-radius: 8px;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.publication-field:hover {
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: 0 5px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
}

.publication-field-title {
    font-weight: 600;
    color: #495057;
    margin-bottom: 8px;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
}

.publication-field-title .field-icon {
    width: 18px;
    height: 18px;
    border-radius: 4px;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #a8edea 0%, #fed6e3 100%);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    margin-right: 8px;
    flex-shrink: 0;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

.publication-field-title .field-icon::before {
    content: '';
    width: 6px;
    height: 6px;
    background: rgba(108, 117, 125, 0.8);
    border-radius: 2px;
}

.publication-field-content {
    margin-left: 26px;
    line-height: 1.5;
}

.publication-divider {
    border: none;
    height: 1px;
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, transparent 0%, #e9ecef 20%, #e9ecef 80%, transparent 100%);
    margin: 20px 0;
}

.publication-row {
    display: flex;
    align-items: flex-start;
    margin-bottom: 12px;
    gap: 12px;
    min-height: 32px;
    padding: 10px 12px;
    background: #f8f9fa;
    border-radius: 8px;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.publication-row:hover {
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: 0 5px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
}

.publication-row-label {
    font-weight: 600;
    color: #495057;
    min-width: 100px;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    flex-shrink: 0;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
}

.publication-row-label .field-icon {
    width: 16px;
    height: 16px;
    border-radius: 4px;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #a8edea 0%, #fed6e3 100%);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    margin-right: 8px;
    flex-shrink: 0;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

.publication-row-label .field-icon::before {
    content: '';
    width: 6px;
    height: 6px;
    background: rgba(108, 117, 125, 0.8);
    border-radius: 2px;
}

.publication-row-value {
    flex: 1;
    color: #212529;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    min-width: 0;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.publication-badge {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #667eea 0%, #764ba2 100%);
    color: white;
    padding: 6px 12px;
    border-radius: 6px;
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    text-decoration: none;
    display: inline-block;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.3);
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    white-space: nowrap;
    max-width: 100%;
    text-align: center;
    overflow: hidden;
    text-overflow: ellipsis;
}

.publication-badge:hover {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #5a6fd8 0%, #6a4190 100%);
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: 0 6px 16px rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.4);
    text-decoration: none;
    color: white;
}

.publication-link {
    color: #667eea;
    text-decoration: none;
    padding: 2px 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid transparent;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    font-weight: 500;
}

.publication-link:hover {
    border-bottom-color: #667eea;
    text-decoration: none;
    color: #5a6fd8;
}

.publication-members {
    margin-left: 26px;
    line-height: 1.6;
}

.publication-member {
    display: inline-block;
    color: #667eea;
    text-decoration: none;
    padding: 4px 8px;
    margin: 2px 4px 2px 0;
    border-radius: 4px;
    font-weight: 500;
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    background: rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.05);
    box-shadow: 0 2px 5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
}

.publication-member:hover {
    background: rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.1);
    color: #5a6fd8;
    text-decoration: none;
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 8px rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.2);
}

/* Mobile-first responsive design */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .publication-container {
        padding: 16px;
    }

    .publication-row {
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 6px;
        align-items: flex-start;
        padding: 8px 10px;
    }

    .publication-row-label {
        min-width: 100%;
        margin-bottom: 4px;
        font-size: 0.8rem;
    }

    .publication-row-value {
        width: 100%;
        justify-content: flex-start;
    }

    .publication-badge {
        font-size: 0.75rem;
        padding: 5px 10px;
        max-width: 120px;
    }

    .publication-title {
        font-size: 0.9rem;
    }

    .publication-field {
        padding: 10px;
        margin-bottom: 12px;
    }

    .publication-field-content {
        margin-left: 22px;
    }

    .publication-members {
        margin-left: 22px;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
    .publication-container {
        padding: 12px;
    }

    .publication-field,
    .publication-row {
        padding: 8px;
    }

    .publication-badge {
        font-size: 0.7rem;
        padding: 4px 8px;
        max-width: 100px;
    }

    .publication-title {
        font-size: 0.85rem;
    }

    .publication-row-label {
        font-size: 0.75rem;
    }

    .publication-field-content {
        margin-left: 20px;
        font-size: 0.85rem;
    }

    .publication-members {
        margin-left: 20px;
    }

    .publication-member {
        font-size: 0.75rem;
        padding: 3px 6px;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 320px) {
    .publication-badge {
        font-size: 0.65rem;
        padding: 3px 6px;
        max-width: 80px;
    }
}

.search-container {
    background: #ffffff;
    border-radius: 12px;
    box-shadow: 0 10px 30px rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.15);
    padding: 25px;
    margin: 1.5rem auto;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    max-width: 800px;
}

.search-container:hover {
    box-shadow: 0 15px 35px rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.2);
}

.search-title {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    border-bottom: 2px solid #e9ecef;
    padding: 0 0 12px 0;
    margin-bottom: 25px;
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: #2c3e50;
}

.search-title .sticker-icon {
    width: 28px;
    height: 28px;
    border-radius: 8px;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #4facfe 0%, #00f2fe 100%);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    margin-right: 12px;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 10px rgba(79, 172, 254, 0.3);
}

.search-title .sticker-icon i {
    color: white;
    font-size: 14px;
}

.search-form-side {
    padding: 0;
    margin-bottom: 15px;
}

.search-input-group {
    display: flex;
    border-radius: 10px;
    overflow: hidden;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    border: 1px solid rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.2);
    width: 100%;
}

.search-input-group:focus-within {
    box-shadow: 0 6px 20px rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.25);
    border-color: rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.4);
    transform: translateY(-1px);
}

.search-input-side {
    flex: 1;
    padding: 14px 20px;
    border: none;
    font-size: 1rem;
    background: white;
    outline: none;
    color: #495057;
    min-width: 0;
}

.search-input-side::placeholder {
    color: #adb5bd;
    opacity: 1;
}

.search-btn-side {
    padding: 0 25px;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #667eea 0%, #764ba2 100%);
    border: none;
    color: white;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    min-width: 60px;
    flex-shrink: 0;
}

.search-btn-side:hover {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #5a6fd8 0%, #6a4190 100%);
    transform: translateY(0);
    box-shadow: inset 0 0 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

.search-btn-side i {
    font-size: 16px;
}

.search-advanced {
    text-align: right;
    margin-top: 10px;
}

.search-advanced-link {
    color: #667eea;
    text-decoration: none;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    padding: 4px 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid transparent;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
}

.search-advanced-link:hover {
    border-bottom-color: #667eea;
    color: #5a6fd8;
    transform: translateX(3px);
}

.search-advanced-link i {
    margin-left: 5px;
    font-size: 12px;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.search-advanced-link:hover i {
    transform: translateX(3px);
}

.searchBox {
    width: 100%;
}

.searchBox form {
    width: 100%;
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .search-container {
        padding: 20px;
        margin: 2rem auto;
    }

    .search-input-side {
        padding: 12px 16px;
        font-size: 0.95rem;
    }

    .search-btn-side {
        padding: 0 20px;
        min-width: 50px;
    }

    .search-btn-side i {
        font-size: 14px;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 576px) {
    .search-container {
        padding: 18px;
    }

    .search-title {
        font-size: 1.1rem;
    }

    .search-input-side {
        padding: 10px 14px;
        font-size: 0.9rem;
    }

    .search-btn-side {
        padding: 0 16px;
        min-width: 45px;
    }

    .search-btn-side i {
        font-size: 13px;
    }
}

.keywords-cloud-container {
    width: 100%;
    max-width: 1380px;
    margin: 2rem auto;
    padding: 0 15px;
}

.keywords-cloud-box {
    background: #ffffff;
    border-radius: 12px;
    box-shadow: 0 10px 30px rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.15);
    padding: 25px;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.keywords-cloud-box:hover {
    box-shadow: 0 15px 35px rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.2);
}

.keywords-cloud-header {
    margin-bottom: 20px;
}

.keywords-cloud-title {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    border-bottom: 2px solid #e9ecef;
    padding: 0 0 12px 0;
    margin-bottom: 0;
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: #2c3e50;
}

.keywords-cloud-title .sticker-icon {
    width: 24px;
    height: 24px;
    border-radius: 6px;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #667eea 0%, #764ba2 100%);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    margin-right: 10px;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.3);
}

.keywords-cloud-title .sticker-icon i {
    color: white;
    font-size: 12px;
}

.keywords-cloud-content {
    min-height: 220px;
    width: 100%;
    padding: 15px 0;
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    justify-content: center;
    align-items: center;
}

.jqcloud-word {
    display: inline-block;
    margin: 5px 8px;
    padding: 4px 10px;
    border-radius: 20px;
    transition: all 0.3s ease !important;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
    background: white;
    border: 1px solid #e9ecef;
}

.jqcloud-word:hover {
    transform: translateY(-3px) scale(1.05) !important;
    box-shadow: 0 5px 15px rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.3);
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #f093fb 0%, #f5576c 100%);
    color: white !important;
    cursor: pointer;
    border-color: transparent;
}

/* Different size classes with gradient colors */
.jqcloud-word.w1 {
    font-size: 14px !important;
    color: #667eea !important;
}

.jqcloud-word.w2 {
    font-size: 16px !important;
    color: #764ba2 !important;
}

.jqcloud-word.w3 {
    font-size: 18px !important;
    color: #f093fb !important;
}

.jqcloud-word.w4 {
    font-size: 20px !important;
    color: #f5576c !important;
}

.jqcloud-word.w5 {
    font-size: 22px !important;
    color: #667eea !important;
}

.jqcloud-word.w6 {
    font-size: 24px !important;
    color: #764ba2 !important;
}

.jqcloud-word.w7 {
    font-size: 26px !important;
    color: #f093fb !important;
}

.jqcloud-word.w8 {
    font-size: 28px !important;
    color: #f5576c !important;
}

.jqcloud-word.w9 {
    font-size: 30px !important;
    color: #667eea !important;
}

.jqcloud-word.w10 {
    font-size: 32px !important;
    color: #764ba2 !important;
}

@media (max-width: 992px) {
    .keywords-cloud-box {
        padding: 20px;
    }

    .jqcloud-word {
        margin: 4px 6px;
        padding: 3px 8px;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .keywords-cloud-box {
        padding: 15px;
    }

    .keywords-cloud-content {
        min-height: 180px;
        padding: 10px 0;
    }

    /* Adjust font sizes for mobile */
    .jqcloud-word.w1 {
        font-size: 12px !important;
    }

    .jqcloud-word.w2 {
        font-size: 14px !important;
    }

    .jqcloud-word.w3 {
        font-size: 16px !important;
    }

    .jqcloud-word.w4 {
        font-size: 18px !important;
    }

    .jqcloud-word.w5 {
        font-size: 20px !important;
    }

    .jqcloud-word.w6 {
        font-size: 22px !important;
    }

    .jqcloud-word.w7 {
        font-size: 24px !important;
    }

    .jqcloud-word.w8 {
        font-size: 26px !important;
    }

    .jqcloud-word.w9 {
        font-size: 28px !important;
    }

    .jqcloud-word.w10 {
        font-size: 30px !important;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 576px) {
    .keywords-cloud-box {
        padding: 15px 10px;
    }

    .keywords-cloud-content {
        min-height: 150px;
    }

    .jqcloud-word {
        margin: 3px 5px;
        padding: 2px 6px;
    }
}

.related-journals-container {
    width: 100%;
    max-width: 1380px;
    margin: 2rem auto;
    padding: 0 15px;
}

.related-journals-box {
    background: #ffffff;
    border-radius: 12px;
    box-shadow: 0 10px 30px rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.15);
    padding: 25px;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.related-journals-box:hover {
    box-shadow: 0 15px 35px rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.2);
}

.related-journals-header {
    margin-bottom: 25px;
}

.related-journals-title {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    border-bottom: 2px solid #e9ecef;
    padding: 0 0 12px 0;
    margin-bottom: 0;
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: #2c3e50;
}

.related-journals-title .sticker-icon {
    width: 24px;
    height: 24px;
    border-radius: 6px;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #667eea 0%, #764ba2 100%);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    margin-right: 10px;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.3);
}

.related-journals-title .sticker-icon i {
    color: white;
    font-size: 12px;
}

#relatedJournalsSlider {
    position: relative;
    padding: 0 30px;
}

.journals-row {
    display: flex;
    gap: 15px;
    justify-content: flex-start;
    padding: 10px 5px;
}

.journal-item {
    flex: 0 0 calc(20% - 12px);
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.journal-item:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
}

.journal-card {
    display: block;
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
    border-radius: 8px;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
    height: 100%;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.journal-card:hover {
    box-shadow: 0 8px 25px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
}

.journal-image {
    position: relative;
    height: 0;
    padding-bottom: 140%;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.journal-image img {
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
    transition: transform 0.4s ease;
}

.journal-card:hover .journal-image img {
    transform: scale(1.05);
}

.journal-overlay {
    position: absolute;
    bottom: 0;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    background: linear-gradient(transparent, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8));
    padding: 15px 10px;
    opacity: 0;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.journal-card:hover .journal-overlay {
    opacity: 1;
}

.journal-title {
    color: #fff;
    font-size: 14px;
    font-weight: 500;
    margin: 0 0 8px 0;
    white-space: nowrap;
    overflow: hidden;
    text-overflow: ellipsis;
}

.journal-badge {
    display: inline-block;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #f093fb 0%, #f5576c 100%);
    color: white;
    padding: 4px 10px;
    border-radius: 4px;
    font-size: 12px;
    font-weight: 500;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
}

.carousel-control-prev,
.carousel-control-next {
    width: 40px;
    height: 40px;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #667eea 0%, #764ba2 100%);
    border-radius: 50%;
    top: 50%;
    transform: translateY(-50%);
    opacity: 0.9;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.carousel-control-prev {
    left: 0;
}

.carousel-control-next {
    right: 0;
}

.carousel-control-prev:hover,
.carousel-control-next:hover {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: translateY(-50%) scale(1.1);
}

.carousel-control-prev-icon,
.carousel-control-next-icon {
    width: 20px;
    height: 20px;
}

.carousel-indicators {
    bottom: -25px;
}

.carousel-indicators button {
    width: 10px;
    height: 10px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    background-color: #e9ecef;
    opacity: 0.7;
    margin: 0 5px;
    border: none;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.carousel-indicators button.active {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #667eea 0%, #764ba2 100%);
    width: 25px;
    border-radius: 10px;
    opacity: 1;
}

@media (max-width: 1200px) {
    .journal-item {
        flex: 0 0 calc(25% - 12px);
    }
}

@media (max-width: 992px) {
    .journal-item {
        flex: 0 0 calc(33.33% - 10px);
    }

    .related-journals-box {
        padding: 20px;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .journal-item {
        flex: 0 0 calc(50% - 8px);
    }

    #relatedJournalsSlider {
        padding: 0 20px;
    }

    .related-journals-box {
        padding: 15px;
    }

    .carousel-indicators {
        display: none;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 576px) {
    .journal-item {
        flex: 0 0 100%;
        max-width: 280px;
        margin: 0 auto;
    }

    .journals-row {
        justify-content: center;
    }

    .related-journals-box {
        padding: 15px 10px;
    }
}

.indexing-container {
    background: #ffffff;
    border-radius: 12px;
    box-shadow: 0 10px 30px rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.15);
    padding: 25px;
    margin: 1.5rem 0;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.indexing-container:hover {
    box-shadow: 0 15px 35px rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.2);
}

.indexing-title {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    border-bottom: 2px solid #e9ecef;
    padding: 0 0 12px 0;
    margin-bottom: 25px;
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: #2c3e50;
}

.indexing-title .sticker-icon {
    width: 28px;
    height: 28px;
    border-radius: 8px;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #f093fb 0%, #f5576c 100%);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    margin-right: 12px;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 10px rgba(240, 147, 251, 0.3);
}

.indexing-title .sticker-icon i {
    color: white;
    font-size: 14px;
}

.indexing-body {
    padding: 0;
}

.indexing-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(160px, 1fr));
    gap: 15px;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
}

.indexing-item {
    text-align: center;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.indexing-item:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
}

.indexing-image-wrapper {
    background: white;
    border-radius: 10px;
    padding: 12px;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
    height: 100px;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
}

.indexing-image-wrapper:hover {
    box-shadow: 0 8px 25px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
    transform: translateY(-3px);
}

.indexing-image {
    max-width: 100%;
    height: auto;
    border-radius: 4px;
    max-height: 70px;
    object-fit: contain;
    transition: transform 0.3s ease;
}

.indexing-image-wrapper:hover .indexing-image {
    transform: scale(1.05);
}

.indexing-link {
    color: white;
    text-decoration: none;
    font-weight: 500;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    display: block;
    padding: 12px 16px;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #667eea 0%, #764ba2 100%);
    border-radius: 10px;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.3);
    height: 100%;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
}

.indexing-link:hover {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #5a6fd8 0%, #6a4190 100%);
    transform: translateY(-3px);
    box-shadow: 0 6px 18px rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.4);
}

.indexing-more {
    margin-top: 20px;
    padding-top: 15px;
    border-top: 1px solid #f1f3f4;
    text-align: center;
    grid-column: 1 / -1;
}

.indexing-more a {
    color: #667eea;
    text-decoration: none;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    padding: 6px 12px;
    border-radius: 20px;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    background: rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.1);
}

.indexing-more a:hover {
    color: white;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #667eea 0%, #764ba2 100%);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 10px rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.3);
    transform: translateY(-1px);
}

.indexing-more a i {
    margin-left: 6px;
    font-size: 12px;
    transition: transform 0.3s ease;
}

.indexing-more a:hover i {
    transform: translateX(3px);
}

@media (max-width: 992px) {
    .indexing-grid {
        grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(140px, 1fr));
        gap: 12px;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .indexing-container {
        padding: 20px;
    }

    .indexing-grid {
        grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(120px, 1fr));
    }

    .indexing-image-wrapper {
        padding: 10px;
        height: 90px;
    }

    .indexing-image {
        max-height: 60px;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 576px) {
    .indexing-container {
        padding: 18px;
    }

    .indexing-title {
        font-size: 1.1rem;
    }

    .indexing-grid {
        grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(100px, 1fr));
        gap: 10px;
    }

    .indexing-image-wrapper {
        height: 80px;
    }

    .indexing-link {
        padding: 10px 12px;
        font-size: 0.85rem;
    }
}

.about-container {
    background: white;
    border-radius: 12px;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);
    overflow: hidden;
    margin-top: 1rem;
}

.about-title {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #667eea 0%, #764ba2 100%);
    color: white;
    padding: 24px 32px;
    margin: 0;
    font-size: 1.8rem;
    font-weight: 600;
}

.about-title .title-icon {
    width: 40px;
    height: 40px;
    border-radius: 10px;
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    margin-right: 16px;
    backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
}

.about-title .title-icon i {
    color: white;
    font-size: 18px;
}

.about-content {
    padding: 32px;
    line-height: 1.7;
    color: #2c3e50;
}

.about-content h1,
.about-content h2,
.about-content h3,
.about-content h4,
.about-content h5,
.about-content h6 {
    color: #2c3e50;
    margin-bottom: 16px;
    margin-top: 24px;
    font-weight: 600;
}

.about-content h1:first-child,
.about-content h2:first-child,
.about-content h3:first-child,
.about-content h4:first-child,
.about-content h5:first-child,
.about-content h6:first-child {
    margin-top: 0;
}

.about-content p {
    margin-bottom: 16px;
    color: #495057;
    font-size: 1rem;
}

.about-content ul,
.about-content ol {
    margin-bottom: 16px;
    padding-left: 24px;
}

.about-content li {
    margin-bottom: 8px;
    color: #495057;
}

.about-content a {
    color: #667eea;
    text-decoration: none;
    font-weight: 500;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    border-bottom: 1px solid transparent;
}

.about-content a:hover {
    color: #5a6fd8;
    border-bottom-color: #667eea;
}

.about-content img {
    max-width: 100%;
    height: auto;
    border-radius: 8px;
    margin: 16px 0;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

.about-content blockquote {
    border-left: 4px solid #667eea;
    padding: 16px 20px;
    margin: 20px 0;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.05) 0%, rgba(118, 75, 162, 0.05) 100%);
    border-radius: 0 8px 8px 0;
    font-style: italic;
    color: #495057;
}

.about-content table {
    width: 100%;
    border-collapse: collapse;
    margin: 20px 0;
    background: white;
    border-radius: 8px;
    overflow: hidden;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

.about-content th,
.about-content td {
    padding: 12px 16px;
    text-align: left;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #e9ecef;
}

.about-content th {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #667eea 0%, #764ba2 100%);
    color: white;
    font-weight: 600;
}

.about-content tr:hover {
    background-color: #f8f9fa;
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .about-title {
        padding: 20px 24px;
        font-size: 1.5rem;
    }

    .about-content {
        padding: 24px 20px;
    }

    .about-title .title-icon {
        width: 32px;
        height: 32px;
        margin-right: 12px;
    }

    .about-title .title-icon i {
        font-size: 14px;
    }
}

:root {
    --primary-gradient: linear-gradient(135deg, #667eea 0%, #764ba2 100%);
    --secondary-gradient: linear-gradient(135deg, #f093fb 0%, #f5576c 100%);
    --accent-gradient: linear-gradient(135deg, #a8edea 0%, #fed6e3 100%);
    --text-primary: #2c3e50;
    --text-secondary: #6c757d;
    --border-color: #e9ecef;
    --card-shadow: 0 2px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);
    --card-hover-shadow: 0 8px 25px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
}

.editorial-board-container {
    font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, sans-serif;
    line-height: 1.6;
    background: transparent;
}

.editorial-title {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    border-bottom: 2px solid var(--border-color);
    padding: 0 0 15px 0;
    margin-bottom: 25px;
    font-size: 1.4rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--text-primary);
}

.editorial-title .title-icon {
    width: 32px;
    height: 32px;
    border-radius: 8px;
    background: var(--primary-gradient);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    margin-right: 12px;
    box-shadow: 0 3px 12px rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.3);
}

.editorial-title .title-icon i {
    color: white;
    font-size: 16px;
}

.editorial-note {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #f8f9fa 0%, #ffffff 100%);
    border-left: 4px solid #667eea;
    padding: 15px 20px;
    margin-bottom: 30px;
    border-radius: 8px;
    font-size: 15px;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    box-shadow: 0 2px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
}

.section-title {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    margin: 40px 0 30px 0;
    position: relative;
}

.section-title h4 {
    background: var(--primary-gradient);
    color: white;
    padding: 12px 25px;
    border-radius: 25px;
    font-size: 18px;
    font-weight: 600;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.3);
    margin: 0;
    position: relative;
}

.section-title h4::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    left: -30px;
    top: 50%;
    transform: translateY(-50%);
    width: 25px;
    height: 2px;
    background: var(--border-color);
}

.section-title h4::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    right: -30px;
    top: 50%;
    transform: translateY(-50%);
    width: 25px;
    height: 2px;
    background: var(--border-color);
}

.role-header {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    margin: 35px 0 20px 0;
    padding: 0 0 10px 0;
    border-bottom: 2px solid var(--border-color);
}

.role-header .role-icon {
    width: 28px;
    height: 28px;
    border-radius: 6px;
    background: var(--secondary-gradient);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    margin-right: 12px;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(240, 147, 251, 0.3);
}

.role-header .role-icon i {
    color: white;
    font-size: 14px;
}

.role-header h4 {
    font-size: 18px;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--text-primary);
    margin: 0;
}

.editor-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(450px, 1fr));
    gap: 20px;
    margin-bottom: 30px;
}

.editor-card {
    background: white;
    border-radius: 12px;
    box-shadow: var(--card-shadow);
    overflow: hidden;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    border: 1px solid #f1f3f4;
    position: relative;
}

.editor-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    box-shadow: var(--card-hover-shadow);
}

.editor-card.editor-in-chief {
    border-top: 4px solid #667eea;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #ffffff 0%, #f8f9ff 100%);
}

.editor-card.editor-in-chief::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    height: 4px;
    background: var(--primary-gradient);
}

.editor-content {
    padding: 20px;
    display: flex;
    gap: 15px;
}

.editor-avatar {
    flex-shrink: 0;
}

.avatar-wrapper {
    width: 120px;
    height: 120px;
    border-radius: 12px;
    overflow: hidden;
    background: var(--accent-gradient);
    padding: 3px;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    cursor: pointer;
}

.avatar-wrapper:hover {
    transform: scale(1.05);
    box-shadow: 0 6px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
}

.avatar-img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
    border-radius: 9px;
}

.editor-info {
    flex: 1;
    min-width: 0;
}

.editor-name {
    font-size: 18px;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--text-primary);
    margin-bottom: 5px;
    line-height: 1.3;
}

.editor-affiliation {
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    font-size: 14px;
    margin-bottom: 15px;
    font-style: italic;
}

.contact-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(200px, 1fr));
    gap: 8px;
    margin-bottom: 15px;
}

.contact-item {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    padding: 6px 0;
    font-size: 13px;
}

.contact-icon {
    width: 20px;
    height: 20px;
    border-radius: 4px;
    background: var(--accent-gradient);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    margin-right: 8px;
    flex-shrink: 0;
}

.contact-icon i {
    font-size: 10px;
    color: #666;
}

.contact-item a {
    color: #667eea;
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: color 0.3s ease;
    word-break: break-word;
}

.contact-item a:hover {
    color: #5a6fd8;
    text-decoration: underline;
}

.specialty-section {
    margin-top: 15px;
    padding-top: 15px;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--border-color);
}

.specialty-text {
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    font-size: 14px;
    line-height: 1.5;
    margin-bottom: 15px;
}

.details-accordion {
    margin-top: 10px;
}

.accordion-header {
    background: var(--primary-gradient);
    color: white;
    padding: 10px 15px;
    border-radius: 8px;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: space-between;
    font-size: 14px;
    font-weight: 500;
}

.accordion-header:hover {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #5a6fd8 0%, #6a4190 100%);
    transform: translateY(-1px);
}

.accordion-icon {
    width: 20px;
    height: 20px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    transition: transform 0.3s ease;
}

.accordion-icon i {
    font-size: 12px;
    transition: transform 0.3s ease;
}

.accordion-content {
    background: #f8f9fa;
    padding: 15px;
    border-radius: 0 0 8px 8px;
    margin-top: 2px;
    display: none;
    animation: slideDown 0.3s ease;
}

.accordion-content.show {
    display: block;
}

.accordion-header.active .accordion-icon {
    transform: rotate(180deg);
}

@keyframes slideDown {
    from {
        opacity: 0;
        max-height: 0;
    }

    to {
        opacity: 1;
        max-height: 500px;
    }
}

/* Responsive Design */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .editor-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 15px;
    }

    .editor-content {
        flex-direction: column;
        text-align: center;
        padding: 15px;
    }

    .avatar-wrapper {
        width: 100px;
        height: 100px;
        margin: 0 auto 15px;
    }

    .contact-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }

    .section-title h4::before,
    .section-title h4::after {
        display: none;
    }

    .editorial-title {
        font-size: 1.2rem;
    }

    .role-header h4 {
        font-size: 16px;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
    .editor-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }

    .editorial-title .title-icon {
        width: 28px;
        height: 28px;
    }

    .role-header .role-icon {
        width: 24px;
        height: 24px;
    }

    .avatar-wrapper {
        width: 80px;
        height: 80px;
    }

    .editor-name {
        font-size: 16px;
    }

    .contact-item {
        font-size: 12px;
    }
}

.main-content-box {
    background: #ffffff;
    border-radius: 12px;
    box-shadow: 0 10px 30px rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.15);
    padding: 25px;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

.main-content-box:hover {
    box-shadow: 0 15px 35px rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.2);
}

.section-header {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
}

.section-title {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: #2c3e50;
    margin: 0;
}

.sticker-icon {
    width: 32px;
    height: 32px;
    border-radius: 8px;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    margin-right: 12px;
    color: white;
    font-size: 16px;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

.custom-tab-buttons {
    display: flex;
    gap: 10px;
    margin-bottom: 15px;
}

.custom-tab-button {
    padding: 8px 20px;
    border: none;
    border-radius: 20px;
    font-weight: 500;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.custom-tab-button.active {
    color: white;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 10px rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.3);
}

.custom-tab-content {
    display: none;
}

.custom-tab-content.active {
    display: block;
}

.article-item {
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.article-item:hover {
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: 0 5px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
}

.article-title a:hover {
    color: #667eea !important;
}

.btn-sm {
    padding: 5px 12px;
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    border-radius: 20px;
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .main-content-box {
        padding: 15px;
    }

    .section-title {
        font-size: 1.1rem;
    }

    .sticker-icon {
        width: 28px;
        height: 28px;
        font-size: 14px;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 576px) {
    .main-content-box {
        padding: 15px 10px;
    }

    .custom-tab-buttons {
        flex-wrap: wrap;
    }

    .custom-tab-button {
        flex: 1;
        text-align: center;
    }
}

.ads-container {
    background: #ffffff;
    border-radius: 12px;
    box-shadow: 0 10px 30px rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.15);
    padding: 25px;
    margin: 2rem 0;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.ads-container:hover {
    box-shadow: 0 15px 35px rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.2);
}

.ads-title {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    border-bottom: 2px solid #e9ecef;
    padding: 0 0 12px 0;
    margin-bottom: 25px;
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: #2c3e50;
}

.ads-title .sticker-icon {
    width: 28px;
    height: 28px;
    border-radius: 8px;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #4facfe 0%, #00f2fe 100%);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    margin-right: 12px;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 10px rgba(79, 172, 254, 0.3);
}

.ads-title .sticker-icon i {
    color: white;
    font-size: 14px;
}

.ads-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(250px, 1fr));
    gap: 20px;
}

.ads-item {
    border-radius: 10px;
    overflow: hidden;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);
}

.ads-item:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    box-shadow: 0 8px 25px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
}

/* Forced image size container */
.ads-image-wrapper {
    height: 160px;
    /* Fixed height */
    width: 100%;
    /* Full width */
    overflow: hidden;
    position: relative;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    background: #f8f9fa;
}

/* Forced image sizing with multiple techniques */
.ads-image {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: contain;
    /* Changed from 'cover' to 'contain' to show full image */
    object-position: center;
    padding: 15px;
    /* Adds breathing room around the image */
    box-sizing: border-box;
    transition: transform 0.5s ease;
}

/* Alternative forced size technique for browsers that don't support object-fit */
.ads-image-fallback {
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    min-width: 100%;
    min-height: 100%;
    max-width: 100%;
    max-height: 100%;
    margin: auto;
}

.ads-item:hover .ads-image {
    transform: scale(1.05);
}

.ads-content {
    padding: 15px;
    background: white;
    min-height: 110px;
    /* Ensures consistent height for text content */
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
}

.ads-content-title {
    font-size: 1rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: #2c3e50;
    margin-bottom: 8px;
    white-space: nowrap;
    overflow: hidden;
    text-overflow: ellipsis;
}

.ads-content-note {
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    color: #6c757d;
    margin-bottom: 12px;
    display: -webkit-box;
    -webkit-line-clamp: 3;
    /* Limit to 3 lines */
    -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
    overflow: hidden;
    flex-grow: 1;
    /* Takes available space */
}

.ads-link {
    display: inline-block;
    padding: 8px 16px;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #4facfe 0%, #00f2fe 100%);
    color: white;
    text-decoration: none;
    border-radius: 6px;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    align-self: flex-start;
    /* Aligns button to left */
    margin-top: auto;
    /* Pushes button to bottom */
}

.ads-link:hover {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #3a9bed 0%, #00d9e6 100%);
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(79, 172, 254, 0.3);
}

.text-ads-item {
    padding: 20px;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #f5f7fa 0%, #e4e8eb 100%);
    border-radius: 10px;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    justify-content: center;
    align-items: center;
    text-align: center;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    height: 100%;
    min-height: 270px;
    /* Matches image ad height */
}

.text-ads-item:hover {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #eef2f7 0%, #d7dde3 100%);
    transform: translateY(-3px);
    box-shadow: 0 6px 18px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

.text-ads-title {
    font-size: 1rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: #2c3e50;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
}

.text-ads-link {
    display: inline-block;
    padding: 8px 20px;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #667eea 0%, #764ba2 100%);
    color: white;
    text-decoration: none;
    border-radius: 20px;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    margin-top: 10px;
}

.text-ads-link:hover {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #5a6fd8 0%, #6a4190 100%);
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.3);
}

@media (max-width: 992px) {
    .ads-grid {
        grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(220px, 1fr));
        gap: 15px;
    }

    .ads-image-wrapper {
        height: 140px;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .ads-container {
        padding: 20px;
    }

    .ads-grid {
        grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(200px, 1fr));
    }

    .ads-image-wrapper {
        height: 120px;
    }

    .text-ads-item {
        min-height: 230px;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 576px) {
    .ads-container {
        padding: 18px;
    }

    .ads-title {
        font-size: 1.1rem;
    }

    .ads-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 15px;
    }

    .ads-image-wrapper {
        height: 180px;
    }

    .text-ads-item {
        min-height: auto;
    }
}

.contact-container {
    background: #ffffff;
    border-radius: 12px;
    box-shadow: 0 10px 30px rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.15);
    padding: 30px;
    margin: 2rem auto;
    max-width: 1200px;
}

.contact-heading {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    border-bottom: 2px solid #e9ecef;
    padding-bottom: 15px;
    margin-bottom: 30px;
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: #2c3e50;
}

.contact-heading .icon-wrapper {
    width: 40px;
    height: 40px;
    border-radius: 10px;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #667eea 0%, #764ba2 100%);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    margin-right: 15px;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.3);
}

.contact-heading .icon-wrapper i {
    color: white;
    font-size: 18px;
}

.contact-form-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: <?php echo trim($contactNote) ? '2fr 1fr': '1fr' ?>;
    gap: 30px;
}

.contact-info-sidebar {
    background: #f8f9fa;
    border-radius: 10px;
    padding: 25px;
    align-self: start;
}

.contact-alert {
    border-radius: 8px;
    margin-bottom: 25px;
    padding: 15px 20px;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
}

.contact-alert i {
    margin-right: 10px;
    font-size: 20px;
}

.alert-success {
    background: rgba(40, 167, 69, 0.1);
    border-left: 4px solid #28a745;
    color: #28a745;
}

.alert-danger {
    background: rgba(220, 53, 69, 0.1);
    border-left: 4px solid #dc3545;
    color: #dc3545;
}

.contact-form-group {
    margin-bottom: 20px;
}

.contact-form-label {
    display: block;
    margin-bottom: 8px;
    font-weight: 500;
    color: #495057;
}

.contact-form-input {
    width: 100%;
    padding: 12px 15px;
    border: 1px solid #e0e0e0;
    border-radius: 8px;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    background: #f8f9fa;
}

.contact-form-input:focus {
    border-color: #667eea;
    box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.2);
    background: white;
    outline: none;
}

.contact-form-textarea {
    min-height: 150px;
    resize: vertical;
}

.contact-form-row {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(200px, 1fr));
    gap: 20px;
}

.contact-captcha-container {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 10px;
    margin-top: 15px;
}

.contact-captcha-image {
    height: 60px;
    border-radius: 6px;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

.contact-captcha-input {
    flex-grow: 1;
}

.contact-captcha-refresh {
    background: #f8f9fa;
    border: 1px solid #e0e0e0;
    border-radius: 6px;
    padding: 0 12px;
    height: 60px;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: all 0.2s ease;
}

.contact-captcha-refresh:hover {
    background: #e9ecef;
}

.contact-submit-btn {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #667eea 0%, #764ba2 100%);
    color: white;
    border: none;
    padding: 12px 30px;
    border-radius: 8px;
    font-weight: 500;
    font-size: 1rem;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.3);
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 8px;
}

.contact-submit-btn:hover {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #5a6fd8 0%, #6a4190 100%);
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: 0 6px 20px rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.4);
}

.contact-info-content {
    line-height: 1.6;
    color: #495057;
}

.contact-info-content h4 {
    color: #2c3e50;
    margin-top: 20px;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
}

.contact-info-content p {
    margin-bottom: 15px;
}

@media (max-width: 992px) {
    .contact-form-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }

    .contact-info-sidebar {
        order: -1;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .contact-container {
        padding: 20px;
    }

    .contact-form-row {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 15px;
    }

    .contact-heading {
        font-size: 1.3rem;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 576px) {
    .contact-container {
        padding: 18px;
    }

    .contact-captcha-container {
        flex-direction: column;
        align-items: stretch;
    }

    .contact-captcha-refresh {
        height: 50px;
    }
}

.register-container {
    background: #ffffff;
    border-radius: 12px;
    box-shadow: 0 10px 30px rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.15);
    padding: 30px;
    margin: 2rem auto;
    max-width: 1200px;
}

.register-heading {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    border-bottom: 2px solid #e9ecef;
    padding-bottom: 15px;
    margin-bottom: 30px;
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: #2c3e50;
}

.register-heading .icon-wrapper {
    width: 40px;
    height: 40px;
    border-radius: 10px;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #667eea 0%, #764ba2 100%);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    margin-right: 15px;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.3);
}

.register-heading .icon-wrapper i {
    color: white;
    font-size: 18px;
}

.register-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 2fr 1fr;
    gap: 30px;
}

.register-form-section {
    background: #f8f9fa;
    border-radius: 10px;
    padding: 25px;
}

.register-account-section {
    background: #f8f9fa;
    border-radius: 10px;
    padding: 25px;
    align-self: start;
}

.register-alert {
    border-radius: 8px;
    margin-bottom: 25px;
    padding: 15px 20px;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
}

.register-alert i {
    margin-right: 10px;
    font-size: 20px;
}

.alert-success {
    background: rgba(40, 167, 69, 0.1);
    border-left: 4px solid #28a745;
    color: #28a745;
}

.alert-danger {
    background: rgba(220, 53, 69, 0.1);
    border-left: 4px solid #dc3545;
    color: #dc3545;
}

.alert-default {
    background: rgba(108, 117, 125, 0.1);
    border-left: 4px solid #6c757d;
    color: #6c757d;
}

.register-form-group {
    margin-bottom: 20px;
}

.register-form-label {
    display: block;
    margin-bottom: 8px;
    font-weight: 500;
    color: #495057;
}

.register-form-input {
    width: 100%;
    padding: 12px 15px;
    border: 1px solid #e0e0e0;
    border-radius: 8px;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    background: white;
}

.register-form-input:focus {
    border-color: #667eea;
    box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.2);
    outline: none;
}

.register-form-textarea {
    min-height: 100px;
    resize: vertical;
}

.register-form-row {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(200px, 1fr));
    gap: 20px;
}

.register-form-select {
    position: relative;
}

.register-form-select select {
    appearance: none;
    -webkit-appearance: none;
    -moz-appearance: none;
    padding-right: 30px;
}

.register-form-select:after {
    content: '\f078';
    font-family: 'Font Awesome 5 Free';
    font-weight: 900;
    position: absolute;
    top: 50%;
    right: 15px;
    transform: translateY(-50%);
    pointer-events: none;
    color: #6c757d;
}

.register-captcha-container {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 10px;
    margin-top: 15px;
}

.register-captcha-image {
    height: 60px;
    width: 85%;
    border-radius: 6px;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
    margin-bottom: 1.2rem;
}

.register-captcha-input {
    flex-grow: 1;
}

.register-captcha-refresh {
    background: #f8f9fa;
    border: 1px solid #e0e0e0;
    border-radius: 6px;
    padding: 0 12px;
    height: 60px;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: all 0.2s ease;
    margin-bottom: 1.2rem;
}

.register-captcha-refresh:hover {
    background: #e9ecef;
}

.register-submit-btn {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #667eea 0%, #764ba2 100%);
    color: white;
    border: none;
    padding: 12px 30px;
    border-radius: 8px;
    font-weight: 500;
    font-size: 1rem;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.3);
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 8px;
    width: 100%;
    justify-content: center;
}

.register-submit-btn:hover {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #5a6fd8 0%, #6a4190 100%);
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: 0 6px 20px rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.4);
}

.register-switch {
    position: relative;
    display: inline-block;
    width: 60px;
    height: 30px;
}

.register-switch input {
    opacity: 0;
    width: 0;
    height: 0;
}

.register-switch-slider {
    position: absolute;
    cursor: pointer;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    bottom: 0;
    background-color: #ccc;
    transition: .4s;
    border-radius: 30px;
}

.register-switch-slider:before {
    position: absolute;
    content: "";
    height: 22px;
    width: 22px;
    left: 4px;
    bottom: 4px;
    background-color: white;
    transition: .4s;
    border-radius: 50%;
}

.register-switch input:checked+.register-switch-slider {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #667eea 0%, #764ba2 100%);
}

.register-switch input:checked+.register-switch-slider:before {
    transform: translateX(30px);
}

.register-switch-container {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 10px;
    margin-bottom: 15px;
}

.register-file-upload {
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
    display: inline-block;
    width: 100%;
}

.register-file-upload input[type="file"] {
    position: absolute;
    left: 0;
    top: 0;
    opacity: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    cursor: pointer;
}

.register-file-upload-btn {
    display: inline-block;
    padding: 10px 15px;
    background: #f8f9fa;
    border: 1px dashed #e0e0e0;
    border-radius: 8px;
    text-align: center;
    width: 100%;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.register-file-upload-btn:hover {
    background: #e9ecef;
}

.register-required {
    color: #dc3545;
    margin-left: 4px;
}

@media (max-width: 992px) {
    .register-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .register-container {
        padding: 20px;
    }

    .register-form-row {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 15px;
    }

    .register-heading {
        font-size: 1.3rem;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 576px) {
    .register-container {
        padding: 18px;
    }

    /* .register-captcha-container {
        flex-direction: column;
        align-items: stretch;
    } */

    .register-captcha-refresh {
        height: 50px;
        width: 15%;
    }
}

.login-container {
    max-width: 500px;
    margin: 2rem auto;
    border-radius: 12px;
    box-shadow: 0 10px 30px rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.15);
    overflow: hidden;
    background: #ffffff;
}

.login-header {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #667eea 0%, #764ba2 100%);
    color: white;
    padding: 1.8rem;
    text-align: center;
    position: relative;
}

.login-header h3 {
    margin: 0;
    font-weight: 600;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 10px;
}

.login-header p {
    margin: 8px 0 0;
    opacity: 0.9;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
}

.login-form {
    padding: 2rem;
}

/* Enhanced captcha styling based on register form */
.form-label {
    display: block;
    margin-bottom: 5px;
    font-weight: 500;
    color: #333;
}

.required-asterisk {
    color: #dc3545;
    font-weight: bold;
}

.captcha-container-v2 {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 10px;
    background: #f8f9fa;
    border: 1px solid #e0e0e0;
    border-radius: 6px;
    padding: 10px;
    margin-bottom: 15px;
}

.captcha-top-row-v2 {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 20px;
}

.captcha-image-v2 {
    border: 1px solid #ddd;
    border-radius: 4px;
    height: 80px;
    flex: 1;
    width: 90%;
    /* object-fit: contain; */
    background: white;
    padding: 7px;
}

.captcha-refresh-btn-v2 {
    background: #007bff;
    color: white;
    border: none;
    border-radius: 4px;
    padding: 8px 12px;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: all 0.2s ease;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    flex-shrink: 0;
    min-width: 60px;
    height: 50px;
}

.captcha-refresh-btn-v2:hover {
    background: #0056b3;
    transform: translateY(-1px);
}

.captcha-refresh-btn-v2:active {
    transform: scale(0.98);
}

.captcha-refresh-btn-v2 i {
    font-size: 14px;
}

.captcha-input-v2 {
    width: 100%;
    border: 1px solid #ddd;
    border-radius: 4px;
    padding: 10px 12px;
    font-size: 14px;
    background: white;
    transition: all 0.2s ease;
    box-sizing: border-box;
    border: none;
    background: transparent;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;
    border-radius: 0 0 4px 4px;
}

.captcha-input-v2:focus {
    outline: none;
    border-color: #007bff;
    box-shadow: 0 0 0 2px rgba(0, 123, 255, 0.25);
}

.captcha-input-v2::placeholder {
    color: #6c757d;
    font-size: 13px;
}

/* Form group spacing */
.form-group:has(.captcha-container-v2) {
    margin-bottom: 20px;
}

/* Responsive design */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .captcha-container-v2 {
        padding: 8px;
        gap: 8px;
    }

    .captcha-image-v2 {
        height: 50px;
    }

    .captcha-refresh-btn-v2 {
        padding: 6px 10px;
        min-width: 35px;
        height: 50px;
    }

    .captcha-refresh-btn-v2 i {
        font-size: 12px;
    }

    .captcha-input-v2 {
        padding: 8px 10px;
        font-size: 13px;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
    .captcha-container-v2 {
        padding: 6px;
        gap: 6px;
    }

    .captcha-image-v2 {
        height: 45px;
    }

    .captcha-refresh-btn-v2 {
        padding: 5px 8px;
        min-width: 32px;
        height: 45px;
    }

    .captcha-refresh-btn-v2 i {
        font-size: 11px;
    }

    .captcha-input-v2 {
        padding: 8px;
        font-size: 12px;
    }
}

/* Enhanced accessibility and visual feedback */
.captcha-refresh-btn-v2:focus {
    outline: 2px solid #007bff;
    outline-offset: 2px;
}

.captcha-container-v2:hover {
    border-color: #b8daff;
    background: #f1f8ff;
}

/* Loading state for refresh button */
.captcha-refresh-btn-v2.loading {
    pointer-events: none;
    opacity: 0.7;
}

.captcha-refresh-btn-v2.loading i {
    animation: spin-v2 1s linear infinite;
}

@keyframes spin-v2 {
    from {
        transform: rotate(0deg);
    }

    to {
        transform: rotate(360deg);
    }
}

/* Alert styling improvements */
.alert {
    padding: 12px 16px;
    margin-bottom: 16px;
    border: 1px solid transparent;
    border-radius: 4px;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 10px;
}

.alert-danger {
    color: #721c24;
    background-color: #f8d7da;
    border-color: #f5c6cb;
}

.alert-info {
    color: #0c5460;
    background-color: #d1ecf1;
    border-color: #bee5eb;
}

.alert-warning {
    color: #856404;
    background-color: #fff3cd;
    border-color: #ffeaa7;
}

.alert i {
    flex-shrink: 0;
}

/* Responsive improvements */
@media (max-width: 480px) {
    .captcha-container {
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 8px;
    }

    .captcha-image {
        align-self: center;
    }

    .captcha-refresh-btn {
        align-self: stretch;
        justify-content: center;
    }
}

.form-group {
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    position: relative;
}

.form-control {
    height: 50px;
    padding: 12px 15px;
    border-radius: 8px;
    border: 1px solid #e0e0e0;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.form-control:focus {
    border-color: #667eea;
    box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.2);
}

.input-icon {
    position: absolute;
    left: 15px;
    top: 50%;
    transform: translateY(-50%);
    color: #6c757d;
}

.form-control.with-icon {
    padding-left: 40px;
}

.btn-login {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #667eea 0%, #764ba2 100%);
    color: white;
    border: none;
    padding: 12px 25px;
    border-radius: 8px;
    font-weight: 500;
    font-size: 1rem;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.3);
    width: 100%;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 8px;
}

.btn-login:hover {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #5a6fd8 0%, #6a4190 100%);
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: 0 6px 20px rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.4);
}

.btn-login:disabled {
    opacity: 0.7;
    transform: none !important;
}

.forgot-password {
    color: #667eea;
    text-decoration: none;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 5px;
    transition: color 0.2s;
    margin-top: 1rem;
}

.forgot-password:hover {
    color: #764ba2;
    text-decoration: underline;
}

.captcha-container {
    background: #f8f9fa;
    border-radius: 10px;
    padding: 20px;
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.captcha-header {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    margin-bottom: 15px;
    color: #495057;
    font-weight: 500;
}

.captcha-header i {
    margin-right: 10px;
    color: #667eea;
}

.captcha-image-container {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 10px;
    margin-bottom: 15px;
}

.captcha-image {
    height: 60px;
    border-radius: 6px;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

.refresh-captcha {
    background: #f8f9fa;
    border: 1px solid #e0e0e0;
    border-radius: 6px;
    padding: 0 12px;
    height: 60px;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: all 0.2s ease;
}

.refresh-captcha:hover {
    background: #e9ecef;
}

.form-footer {
    margin-top: 20px;
}

@media (max-width: 576px) {
    .login-container {
        margin: 1rem;
    }

    .login-form {
        padding: 1.5rem;
    }

    .form-footer {
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 15px;
        align-items: stretch;
    }

    .btn-login {
        order: -1;
    }
}

.page-content-wrapper {
    padding: 2rem 0;
}

.content-section {
    background: #fff;
    border-radius: 8px;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
    padding: 2rem;
}

.sidebar-column {
    padding-right: 2rem;
}

.main-content {
    padding-left: 2rem;
}

.listing-header {
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    padding-bottom: 1rem;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;
}

.listing-title {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    color: #333;
    margin: 0;
}

.refine-search-btn {
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.article-count-badge {
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.in-press-container {
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
    padding: 1rem;
    background: #f8f9fa;
    border-radius: 8px;
}

.in-press-buttons {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 0.5rem;
}

.in-press-label {
    margin-right: 0.5rem;
    font-weight: 500;
}

.no-results-alert {
    border-radius: 8px;
    padding: 1.5rem;
    text-align: center;
}

.subject-panel {
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
    border: none;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
}

.subject-list {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(250px, 1fr));
    gap: 0.75rem;
}

.subject-item {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.5rem;
}

.subject-link {
    color: #333;
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: color 0.2s;
}

.subject-link:hover {
    color: #0066cc;
    text-decoration: underline;
}

.issue-pdf-alert {
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.article-list-container {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 2rem;
}

.article-card {
    padding: 1.5rem;
    border-radius: 8px;
    background: #fff;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
    transition: transform 0.2s, box-shadow 0.2s;
}

.article-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

.article-header {
    display: flex;
    align-items: flex-start;
    margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}

.article-checkbox {
    margin-right: 0.75rem;
    padding-top: 0.25rem;
}

.article-title {
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    margin: 0;
    flex: 1;
}

.article-title a {
    color: #0066cc;
    text-decoration: none;
}

.article-title a:hover {
    text-decoration: underline;
}

.article-authors {
    color: #666;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.article-graphic-abstract {
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    text-align: center;
}

.article-graphic-abstract img {
    max-height: 200px;
    border-radius: 4px;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

.article-meta {
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    color: #666;
}

.meta-item {
    margin-bottom: 0.25rem;
}

.article-actions {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 0.5rem;
}

.action-btn {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.5rem;
}

.file-size {
    margin-left: 0.5rem;
    font-size: 0.8rem;
}

.article-type-header {
    /* margin: 2rem 0 1rem; */
    padding-bottom: 0.5rem;
    border-bottom: 2px solid #eee;
}

.article-type-header h4 {
    color: #555;
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    margin: 0;
}

.pagination-container {
    margin-top: 3rem;
}

@media (max-width: 992px) {
    .sidebar-column {
        display: none;
    }

    .main-content {
        padding-left: 0;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .content-section {
        padding: 1.5rem;
    }

    .subject-list {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }

    .article-actions {
        flex-direction: column;
        align-items: flex-start;
    }

    .action-btn {
        width: 100%;
        justify-content: center;
    }
}

.jrnl_artcl_mod_container_2025 {
    background: #ffffff;
    border-radius: 12px;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 6px -1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1), 0 2px 4px -1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.06);
    padding: 2rem;
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

.jrnl_artcl_header_section_2025 {
    border-bottom: 1px solid #e5e7eb;
    padding-bottom: 1.5rem;
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

.jrnl_artcl_title_main_2025 {
    color: #1f2937;
    font-size: 1.75rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    line-height: 1.3;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.jrnl_artcl_info_badges_2025 {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 1rem;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    align-items: center;
}

.jrnl_artcl_badge_primary_2025 {
    background: #6366f1;
    color: white;
    padding: 0.25rem 0.75rem;
    border-radius: 6px;
    font-size: 0.875rem;
    font-weight: 500;
}

.jrnl_artcl_badge_success_2025 {
    background: #10b981;
    color: white;
    padding: 0.25rem 0.75rem;
    border-radius: 6px;
    font-size: 0.875rem;
    font-weight: 500;
}

.jrnl_artcl_badge_light_2025 {
    background: #f3f4f6;
    color: #374151;
    padding: 0.25rem 0.75rem;
    border-radius: 6px;
    font-size: 0.875rem;
    font-weight: 500;
}

.jrnl_artcl_section_wrapper_2025 {
    margin: 1.5rem 0;
}

.jrnl_artcl_section_title_2025 {
    color: #1f2937;
    font-size: 1rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.5rem;
    padding: 0.5rem 0;
}

.jrnl_artcl_section_icon_2025 {
    color: #6366f1;
    font-size: 1.1rem;
}

.jrnl_artcl_authors_grid_2025 {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 1rem;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.jrnl_artcl_author_card_2025 {
    background: #f8fafc;
    border: 1px solid #e5e7eb;
    border-radius: 8px;
    padding: 0.5rem 0.75rem;
    transition: all 0.2s ease;
}

.jrnl_artcl_author_card_2025:hover {
    border-color: #6366f1;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(99, 102, 241, 0.1);
}

.jrnl_artcl_author_link_2025 {
    color: #6366f1;
    text-decoration: none;
    font-weight: 500;
}

.jrnl_artcl_author_link_2025:hover {
    color: #4f46e5;
}

.jrnl_artcl_affiliation_card_2025 {
    background: #f9fafb;
    border-left: 3px solid #6366f1;
    padding: 0.75rem 1rem;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
    border-radius: 0 6px 6px 0;
}

.jrnl_artcl_doi_section_2025 {
    background: #f0f9ff;
    border: 1px solid #bae6fd;
    border-radius: 8px;
    padding: 1rem;
    margin: 1rem 0;
}

.jrnl_artcl_doi_link_2025 {
    color: #0284c7;
    text-decoration: none;
    font-weight: 500;
}

.jrnl_artcl_abstract_section_2025 {
    background: #fefefe;
    border: 1px solid #f3f4f6;
    border-radius: 8px;
    padding: 1.5rem;
    margin: 1.5rem 0;
}

.jrnl_artcl_abstract_title_2025 {
    color: #1f2937;
    font-weight: 600;
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.5rem;
}

.jrnl_artcl_abstract_content_2025 {
    line-height: 1.7;
    color: #374151;
    text-align: justify;
}

.jrnl_artcl_keywords_wrapper_2025 {
    margin: 1.5rem 0;
}

.jrnl_artcl_keywords_grid_2025 {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 0.5rem;
    margin-top: 0.75rem;
}

.jrnl_artcl_keyword_tag_2025 {
    background: #e0e7ff;
    color: #3730a3;
    padding: 0.375rem 0.75rem;
    border-radius: 20px;
    font-size: 0.875rem;
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: all 0.2s ease;
}

.jrnl_artcl_keyword_tag_2025:hover {
    background: #c7d2fe;
    color: #312e81;
}

.jrnl_artcl_separator_line_2025 {
    border: none;
    height: 1px;
    background: linear-gradient(to right, transparent, #e5e7eb, transparent);
    margin: 2rem 0;
}

.jrnl_artcl_collapsible_section_2025 {
    border: 1px solid #e5e7eb;
    border-radius: 8px;
    margin: 1.5rem 0;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.jrnl_artcl_collapse_btn_2025 {
    background: #f8fafc;
    border: none;
    width: 100%;
    padding: 1rem 1.5rem;
    text-align: left;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: #374151;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.75rem;
    transition: all 0.2s ease;
}

.jrnl_artcl_collapse_btn_2025:hover {
    background: #f1f5f9;
}

.jrnl_artcl_collapse_content_2025 {
    padding: 1.5rem;
    background: #ffffff;
}

.jrnl_artcl_page_break_2025 {
    margin: 2rem 0;
    border-top: 2px dashed #e5e7eb;
    padding-top: 2rem;
}

.jrnl_artcl_references_item_2025 {
    padding: 0.75rem 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #f3f4f6;
}

.jrnl_artcl_references_item_2025:last-child {
    border-bottom: none;
}

.jrnl_artcl_ref_links_2025 {
    display: flex;
    gap: 0.5rem;
    margin-top: 0.5rem;
}

.jrnl_artcl_ref_link_icon_2025 {
    color: #6b7280;
    padding: 0.25rem;
    border-radius: 4px;
    transition: color 0.2s ease;
}

.jrnl_artcl_ref_link_icon_2025:hover {
    color: #6366f1;
}

.jrnl_artcl_stats_grid_2025 {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 1rem;
    margin-top: 1rem;
}

.jrnl_artcl_stat_item_2025 {
    background: #f0fdf4;
    border: 1px solid #dcfce7;
    border-radius: 6px;
    padding: 0.5rem 1rem;
    font-size: 0.875rem;
    color: #166534;
}

.jrnl_artcl_multilang_indicator_2025 {
    background: #fef3c7;
    color: #92400e;
    padding: 0.25rem 0.5rem;
    border-radius: 4px;
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    margin-left: 0.5rem;
}

.jrnl_artcl_graphical_abstract_2025 {
    text-align: center;
    margin: 1.5rem 0;
    padding: 1rem;
    background: #fafafa;
    border-radius: 8px;
}

.jrnl_artcl_ga_image_2025 {
    max-width: 100%;
    height: auto;
    border-radius: 6px;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: transform 0.2s ease;
}

.jrnl_artcl_ga_image_2025:hover {
    transform: scale(1.02);
}

.jrnl_artcl_subjects_grid_2025 {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 0.75rem;
    margin-top: 0.75rem;
}

.jrnl_artcl_subject_link_2025 {
    background: #fef7cd;
    color: #a16207;
    padding: 0.375rem 0.75rem;
    border-radius: 6px;
    text-decoration: none;
    font-size: 0.875rem;
    transition: all 0.2s ease;
}

.jrnl_artcl_subject_link_2025:hover {
    background: #fde68a;
    color: #92400e;
}

.jrnl_artcl_related_articles_2025 {
    background: #f8fafc;
    border-radius: 8px;
    padding: 1.5rem;
    margin: 1.5rem 0;
}

.jrnl_artcl_related_item_2025 {
    display: flex;
    align-items: flex-start;
    gap: 0.75rem;
    padding: 0.75rem 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #e5e7eb;
}

.jrnl_artcl_related_item_2025:last-child {
    border-bottom: none;
}

.jrnl_artcl_related_link_2025 {
    color: #374151;
    text-decoration: none;
    font-weight: 500;
    flex: 1;
}

.jrnl_artcl_related_link_2025:hover {
    color: #6366f1;
}

.jrnl_artcl_affiliation_card_2025 {
    transition: all 0.2s ease;
}

.jrnl_artcl_affiliation_card_2025:hover {
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 6px -1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1), 0 2px 4px -1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.06);
}

.indexing-image-wrapper {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    height: 100%;
}

.text-truncate {
    overflow: hidden;
    text-overflow: ellipsis;
    white-space: nowrap;
    max-width: 100%;
    display: inline-block;
}

.jrnl_artcl_affiliation_card_2025 {
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.jrnl_artcl_affiliation_card_2025:hover {
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

.jrnl_artcl_collapse_btn_2025[aria-expanded="true"] .fa-angle-down {
    transform: rotate(180deg);
}

.transition-all {
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.jrnl_artcl_collapse_btn_2025 {
    text-align: left;
    justify-content: flex-start;
}

.jrnl_artcl_related_link_2025 {
    transition: color 0.2s ease;
}

.jrnl_artcl_related_link_2025:hover {
    color: #6366f1;
    text-decoration: none;
}

.jrnl_artcl_keyword_tag_2025 {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    transition: all 0.2s ease;
}

.jrnl_artcl_keyword_tag_2025:hover {
    transform: translateX(4px);
}